硬件工程师和EDA开发者终于有了一个能用自然语言生成PCB原理图的LLM方案，SchGen 的语义代码表示思路值得关注，做硬件设计自动化的团队可以直接参考其方法。
SchGen 是首个能从自然语言请求生成可编辑 PCB 原理图的大语言模型。传统 PCB 原理图格式冗长、依赖工具特定语法和几何描述，难以被 LLM 有效处理。SchGen 提出了一种语义驱动的代码表示，将原理图编辑原语编码为相对位置和基于引脚名的布线，把几何生成问题转化为语义匹配任务。团队还通过人机协作管道构建了大规模 PCB 原理图数据集。实验表明，SchGen 在线路连接准确性和功能正确性上显著优于其他表示方法和更大的通用 LLM。这项工作证明了表示设计在使生成模型胜任复杂硬件设计任务中的关键作用。
SchGen: PCB Schematic Generation with Semantic-Grounded Code Representations
Printed circuit board (PCB) schematic design defines nearly all electronic hardware, but it remains manual and expertise-intensive. While generative AI has advanced digital and analog IC design, PCB schematic generation from natural-language intent is largely unexplored. This paper presents SchGen, the first large language model that generates editable PCB schematics from natural-language requests. The key challenge lies in the lack of an LLM-suited representation and a large-scale dataset. Current schematic formats are dominated by verbose, tool-specific syntax and geometry-heavy descriptions, making them difficult to generate reliably. We introduce a semantically grounded code representation that encodes schematic editing primitives with relative placement and pin-name-based wiring, transforming a geometry-driven generation problem into a semantics-driven matching task amenable to LLMs. We further construct a large-scale dataset of PCB schematics paired with user prompts via a human-agent collaborative pipeline that converts open-source hardware designs into our representation. Experiments show that SchGen significantly outperforms alternative representations and even larger general-purpose LLMs on wire connectivity accuracy and functional correctness. Our results highlight the critical role of representation design in enabling generative models for complex hardware design tasks.