EC²-Bench benchmarks edge-cloud collaboration for long-horizon agents
Cost and privacy trade-offs in agent execution do not move together — once task completion converges, strategy choice is mostly a privacy decision, and the best-scoring setup is also the most exposed. Teams deploying on-device agents can pick a collaboration mode based on edge model size: route execution to the cloud for small models, use cloud advisory for 9B-class ones. The comparison against Tsinghua-affiliated GLM-5.3 makes the findings directly applicable to Chinese open-source model stacks.
