这篇论文把工作流本身当成可持久化的知识对象，用Lisp概念讲LLM工作流语义，挺有启发。
论文提出一种Lisp启发的概念模型，使用符号形式、对象身份和live-image思想解释LLM中介工作流。核心区分derive（确定性计算）和infer（LLM判断），并将工作流定义、实例、推理记录等作为持久知识对象存储在共享知识基板中。该模型使工作流本身成为可检查、可恢复、可审查的知识对象。
Workflow as Knowledge: Semantic Persistence for LLM-Mediated Workflows
Large language model (LLM) applications increasingly use explicit workflows for tool use, retrieval, branching, checkpointing, and human approval. Existing workflow systems already address many execution concerns. This paper proposes a Lisp-inspired but language-independent conceptual model: symbolic forms, object identity, and live-image thinking are used as explanatory lenses, not implementation commitments. In this model, workflow definitions, workflow instances, inference records, context snapshots, and dependency relations are represented as persistent knowledge objects in a shared knowledge substrate. Its central semantic distinction is between derive and infer: derive is deterministic computation over available state; infer is mediated LLM judgment under declared context and executor-controlled capability policy. The result is a preliminary conceptual account of semantic persistence: workflows do not merely produce knowledge and leave traces, but can themselves be represented as inspectable, resumable, and reviewable knowledge objects, while formal transition semantics remain future work.