这篇论文为智能体技能复用提供了首个系统性评估框架，做智能体开发或研究的人可以从中了解技能提取与消费的匹配规律，避免负迁移陷阱，值得关注。
这篇论文系统研究了语言智能体通过复用模型生成的技能（结构化程序化知识）来提升性能的全过程，涵盖经验生成、技能提取和技能消费三个阶段。研究发现，模型生成的技能平均有益，但存在显著的负迁移现象，且技能提取器和消费器的表现并不一致——一个模型可能是强提取器但弱消费者，反之亦然。技能效用与模型规模或基线任务强度无关。通过深入分析每个阶段，论文揭示了经验组成如何影响技能质量、有用技能的特征以及同一技能在不同消费者间的迁移效果。最后，作者提出了一种元技能方法，指导技能提取聚焦于实际效用相关的特征，一致提升了技能质量并大幅减少了负迁移。
From Raw Experience to Skill Consumption: A Systematic Study of Model-Generated Agent Skills
Language agents increasingly improve by reusing \emph{skills} -- structured procedural artifacts distilled from past experience. In particular, \emph{domain-level} and \emph{model-generated} skills are especially promising. They offer fast adaptation within a domain by encoding domain-specific recurring procedures, and they scale beyond labor-intensive hand-crafting. However, while extraction methods continue to proliferate, understanding remains limited, with no comprehensive study spanning the full skill lifecycle -- \textbf{experience generation}, \textbf{skill extraction}, and \textbf{skill consumption} -- to ask whether such skills actually work, when they work, and what makes them succeed or fail. To close this gap, we build a utility-grounded evaluation framework that provides systematic experimental results across extractors and target agents, covering five diverse agentic task domains. We find that model-generated skills are beneficial on average but exhibit non-trivial negative transfer, and that neither extractors nor targets behave uniformly. A model can be a strong extractor yet a weak consumer, or vice versa, with skill utility independent of model scale or baseline task strength. To explain these patterns, we then dissect each lifecycle stage in depth, analyzing how experience composition shapes skill quality, what properties characterize useful skills, and how the same skill transfers across different consumers. Finally, we translate these findings into a concrete \emph{meta-skill} that guides skill extraction toward the features tied to actual utility, which consistently improves skill quality across domains and substantially reduces negative transfer.