这篇研究说AI一味追求“省事”反而帮倒忙——结构设计需要“摩擦”来激发灵感。他们用视觉语言模型做了个交互系统，帮设计师边想边改，保留思考摩擦，去掉重复劳动。
该论文指出，当前追求消除摩擦的生成式AI（如通用对话模型）与结构设计师通过迭代摩擦激发创意的需求存在错位。研究者提出一个基于视觉语言模型的协同设计系统，使结构探索变得对话式、多模态，并能响应用户的演化意图。通过一个原型界面和与领域专家的研究，发现该系统能减少重复性建模摩擦，同时保留有益于创意生成的反思维摩擦。
Creativity from Friction: Human-AI Interaction for Exploratory Structural Design
AI agents that generate final answers based on user input often do not meet the needs of creative fields. Fields such as structural design and architecture need interactive systems that help users externalise and develop ideas, explore alternatives, and refine partial solutions. The final product of such designs needs to comply with many constraints concerning, e.g., spatial configuration, mechanical behaviour, material quantities, and costs. These constraints create friction in the design process, which can stimulate novel and creative solutions. In this paper, we discuss the misalignment between current generative AI goals to remove friction and provide final solutions and the needs of creators, such as structural designers, who develop ideas through iterative work. We present the design dimensions of systems allowing for constrained human-AI co-creation that rely on vision-language models making structural exploration conversational, multimodal, and responsive to evolving human intent in ways that follow and augment the discipline's creative process. Through a pilot design interface based on these principles and a study with experts in the field, this paper shows how structural designers perceive interactive AI systems and how such systems can support design space exploration by reducing repetitive modelling friction while preserving reflective design friction.