多智能体容易各说各话？LLawCo让它们自己学会“必要时说话”“等待伙伴”，在PARTNR-Dialog和TDW-MAT上成功率都涨了4-7个百分点，挺实在的。
LLawCo框架让具身智能体通过反思失败提取行为模式，推导出“必要时说话”“等待伙伴”等高层法则，经监督微调融入思维链。在PARTNR-Dialog基准上，使用四个骨干LLM（如Llama、Mistral）平均成功率提升4.5%，在TDW-MAT基准上提升6.8%。该框架显著提升多智能体合作效率与任务成功率，优于现有开源通信框架。
LLawCo: Learning Laws of Cooperation for Modeling Embodied Multi-Agent Behavior
Embodied agents operating in decentralized and partially observable environments have attracted growing attention in recent years. However, existing large language model (LLM)-based agents often exhibit behaviors that are misaligned with their partners or inconsistent with the environment state, leading to inefficient cooperation and poor task success. To address this challenge, we propose a novel framework, Learning Laws of Cooperation (LLawCo), that enables embodied agents to autonomously align with both their partners and task objectives. Our framework allows agents to reflect on past failures to extract misaligned behavioral patterns, which are used to derive high-level behavioral laws, such as "Talk when necessary" and "Wait for partner." These laws are explicitly incorporated into the agents' chains of thought via supervised fine-tuning, aligning their reasoning with task requirements and the behavior of other agents. To evaluate our approach, we introduce PARTNR-Dialog, a large-scale multi-agent communicative and cooperative planning benchmark built on the PARTNR environment. Experiments on existing tasks and our new benchmark demonstrate significant improvements in cooperative efficiency and task success rates. Across four backbone LLMs, our method achieves average success rate improvements of 4.5% on the PARTNR-Dialog benchmark and 6.8% on the TDW-MAT benchmark over state-of-the-art open-source communicative agent frameworks. See the LLawCo project page for details: https://www.merl.com/research/highlights/LLawCo