声音克隆技术正在模糊真实与合成的边界，法律界和AI从业者都需要了解现有保护框架的不足。这篇文章梳理了三种法律路径的适用性，做AI产品合规或研究人格权保护的读者值得一读。
随着AI语音克隆技术的成熟，人类声音的独特价值正面临法律保护的空白。本文以OpenAI的ChatGPT-4o声音与斯嘉丽·约翰逊的相似性争议为切入点，分析了生成式AI如何削弱声音的独特性并引发人格权法律问题。通过比较分析，文章评估了三种主要法律框架：公开权、人格权和个人数据保护权，每种框架在应对AI语音克隆威胁时各有优劣。研究为理解现有法律如何适用于生成式AI时代的声音身份挑战提供了基础。
Vocal Identity Under Siege by AI Voice Cloning Technologies
The advent of sophisticated AI-driven voice cloning has brought to the fore critical legal and ethical challenges regarding the protection of vocal identity. Prompted by recent controversies - including the striking resemblance between OpenAI's ChatGPT-4o voice and that of Scarlett Johansson - this article examines how generative AI technologies undermine the unique value of the human voice and further complicate the legal questions surrounding personality right. Through a comparative analysis, the paper evaluates three principal legal frameworks: the right of publicity, personality rights, and the personal data protection right. Each framework - rooted in different legal traditions o offers distinct strengths and limitations in addressing the threats posed by AI-generated voice cloning. By analysing these doctrines' scope, remedies, and posthumous protections, the study offers a foundation for understanding how existing legal approaches may be applied to the evolving challenges of vocal identity in the era of generative AI.