China AI policy

Automakers can apply for the second batch of the L3 access pilot to obtain conditional approval

M- and N-category vehicles with L3/L4 autonomous systems must comply with the mandatory standard before 1 July 2027 or cannot be sold.

Mountain scenic areas in Shandong present procurement and deployment opportunities for hiking-assist robot vendors

Models exceeding 2T parameters or 10^26 FLOPS training compute will require export approval, and public open-source releases could be restricted — release strategies must be re-evaluated

Commerce and manufacturing companies can apply for inclusive computing power, 'specialised and sophisticated' enterprise status, and fiscal support under the 'AI + Manufacturing' action.

Transfers of AI technology, models or related technical materials abroad (including to ASEAN) will require prior export licences, raising deal timelines and compliance costs

Exporting non-public large model, agent, or computing cluster technologies via licensing, sale, or weight delivery requires interim registration with MOFCOM during the transition; in-flight transactions are also covered, with no grandfathering.

Export of large models, AI agents and computing cluster technologies would become restricted, so cross-border licensing, partnerships and deployments need export-control review

Export of model weights, source code, and training methods above the 10^26 FLOPs or 2 trillion parameter thresholds will require approval before release, delaying or blocking cross-border collaborations

Cross-border export or transfer of AI, biopharma or solar technology will require approval, so companies must plan licensing ahead

Chinese companies transferring AI models, algorithms or related technology abroad will face new export licensing requirements.

Companies exporting large model, agent, or computing cluster technologies must complete export licensing or pre-export registration for the 23 AI items

Overseas localised deployment of restricted large models falls under export control and requires a licence (automatic licence available for deployment on overseas self-owned cloud); API calls, SaaS apps and lightweight on-device deployment are outside scope.

Foreign AI services must obtain Chinese AI approval before launching in China; Apple's approval provides a reference path for similar products.

Licensed banks operating in Hong Kong must establish clear accountability mechanisms and ownership for AI systems under the ART framework

On-device LLMs offered in China must complete CAC filing before launch; devices without updated filings (e.g. iPhone 15/15 Plus) do not carry the AI features

Mobile phone manufacturers must file AI models used in their devices with Chinese regulators

AI model developers gain a clear "AI + railway" application direction with operation and maintenance data scenarios for online safety assessment and intelligent O&M projects.

Companies need to align their business strategies with Hong Kong's AI development direction

Clear liability rules established for accidents involving autonomous vehicles

Companies must ensure AI applications comply with new regulations, avoiding excessive usage

Research institutions need to increase AI R&D investment, particularly in foundation models and intelligent scientist systems

Companies must strengthen core technology R&D in multi-sensor fusion, algorithms, solid-state batteries, automotive chips, and operating systems

Chinese AI companies must ensure compliant handling of user data and prevent unauthorized data transfers

Hong Kong companies will have opportunities to participate in AI research and industry collaboration projects with Austria

AI elevated to strategic priority level, indicating future policy support and funding

Mobile on-device AI service providers must complete registration to operate in China

Manufacturing enterprises are required to accelerate the application of AI in R&D design, production manufacturing, and management operations to enhance digitalization and intelligentization, aligning with national industrial policy directions.

Obligations: Companies using Zhipu MaaS must apply for and enable the non-storage feature if they require strict data privacy protection for user interactions. Compliance is required for user requests.

Companies must strengthen AI-manufacturing integration, developing smart factories and intelligent manufacturing solutions